This paper define
a circuit-based simulation model for a PV cell in order to allow estimate the
electrical behavior of the cell with respect
changes on environmental parameter of temperature and irradiance. An accurate
PV module electrical model is
presented based on the Shockley diode equation. The general model was
implemented on Matlab scrip file, and accepts irradiance and temperature as variable
parameters and outputs the I-V characteristic. A particular typical 60W solar
panel was used for model evaluation, and results was compare with points taken
directly from the manufacturer’s published curves and show excellent
correspondence to the model.
Thus
the simplest equivalent circuit of a solar cell is a current source in parallel
with a diode. The output of the current
source is directly proportional to the light falling on the cell (photocurrent Iph). During darkness, the solar cell is not
an active device; it works as a diode, i.e. a p-n junction. It produces neither
a current nor a voltage. However, if it is connected
to an external supply (large voltage) it generates a current ID, called diode (D) current or dark current. The diode determines
the I-V characteristics of the cell.
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